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CNC Lathe

How the CNC lathe works and its uses

Do you want to delve into machining and know how the lathe works? It is a machine tool that allows you to machine geometrically shaped parts. Check out more about how it works?

What is lathe?

The lathe is a machine that operates in order to rotate the chosen part, clamping it on a plate of 3 or 4 nut, fixed between the centering counterpoints, while one or more cutting tools are pressed in an adjustable movement of advance of against the surface of the part, removing material, called chip, according to the appropriate technical conditions.

It is an extremely versatile machine tool, used in making or finishing parts. For this, plates are used to fix the part to be worked. This machine tool allows the machining of various mechanical components, enabling the transformation of raw material into parts that can have circular sections, and any combination of these sections.

Through this equipment it is possible to manufacture shafts, pulleys, pins, any possible type of threads, internal and external cylindrical parts, as well as cones, spheres and the most diverse and strange shapes.

With the coupling of several accessories, the lathe can also perform the functions of other machine tools, such as a milling machine, planer, grinding machine or drilling machine.

Through the development of the lathe, humanity acquired the machines necessary for its technological growth, from medicine to the space industry. This machine is at the foundation of metallurgical science and is considered to be the oldest and most important machine tool still in use.

The turning operation

Turning is the operation performed by the lathe. It is the combination of two movements: part rotation and tool feed movement. In some applications, the part may be stationary, with the tool rotating around it to cut it, but basically the principle is the same. The tool feed movement can be along the part, which means the part diameter will be turned to a smaller size.

Turning can be broken down into several basic cuts for the selection of tool types, cutting data and also for programming certain operations.

These are combinations of feed and rotation directions that can result in conical or curved surfaces, which the control units of today’s CNC lathe machining center can handle through many program possibilities.

Safety precautions

Extreme care is required when operating this type of machine, as its rotating parts are necessarily exposed and serious accidents can occur. Gloves, chains, rings, clothes with long loose sleeves should not be used to avoid risk. Still on clothing, it is important that the operator does not wear clothes with loose or frayed threads, as there is a risk that this thread will get tangled up in the rotating shaft and cause accidents. The nuts must be protected with shields, preferably transparent, such as Polycarbonate, and have a safety anti-lock system. Oh, and safety glasses are mandatory.

There are several types of lathes, but we will talk about them in another opportunity.

Machining is a very complex area, isn’t it? Were you in doubt? Keep following our blog and learn more about how the lathe works and other machines used in our China lathe machine industry.

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